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Vroom developed the expectancy theory through his study of the motivations behind decision making. Motivation is a product of the individual's expectancy that a certain effort will lead to the intended performance, the instrumentality of this performance to achieving a certain result, and the desirability of this result for the individual, known as valence. The individual makes choices based on estimates of how well the expected results of a given behavior are going to match up with or eventually lead to the desired results. In the study of, expectancy theory is a theory first proposed by of the.' This theory emphasizes the needs for organizations to relate rewards directly to performance and to ensure that the rewards provided are those rewards deserved and wanted by the recipients.' (1964) defines as a process governing choices among alternative forms of voluntary activities, a process controlled by the individual. It explains the processes that an individual undergoes to make choices.
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VROOM 1964 EXPECTANCY THEORY PDF DOWNLOAD HOW TO
The outcome is not the sole determining factor in making the decision of how to behave.Expectancy theory is about the mental processes regarding, or choosing. This is done before making the ultimate choice. However, at the core of the theory is the process of how an individual processes the different motivational elements. In essence, the motivation of the behavior selection is determined by the desirability of the outcome. ( February 2012) Expectancy theory(16/9) (or expectancy theory of motivation) proposes that an individual will behave or act in a certain way because they are to select a specific behavior over others due to what they expect the result of that selected will be. The references used may be made clearer with a different or consistent style of. This article has an unclear citation style.